Usage Note
Castigar covers punishment by a parent, teacher, court, or institution. The noun is castigo (punishment, penalty). In sports, castigar al rival can mean to punish the opponent with effective play. The g becomes gu before -e in conjugation: castigué.
Examples
"Los padres castigaron al niño sin postre."
Natural Translation
The parents punished the child by withholding dessert.

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