Usage Note
Exterminio refers to the complete destruction or killing of a group, most often used in historical or military contexts (campo de exterminio = 'extermination camp'). It is masculine. Distinguish it from extinción ('extinction'), which is used for species or natural disappearance rather than deliberate mass killing.
Examples
"El exterminio de la población fue documentado."
Natural Translation
The extermination of the population was documented.

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