Usage Note
XIX is the Roman numeral for nineteen, almost always encountered as siglo XIX ('the nineteenth century') in historical and literary commentary. It is read as diecinueve (cardinal) or decimonoveno/decimonovena (ordinal). The nineteenth century in the Spanish-speaking world was marked by independence movements across Latin America, making siglo XIX an extremely frequent phrase in history and literature courses.
Examples
"El siglo XIX fue el siglo de las independencias latinoamericanas."
Natural Translation
The nineteenth century was the century of Latin American independence movements.
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